Characterization of hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms from <i>Glycine max</i> and <i>Zea mays</i> phytoremediated crude oil contaminated soil

Njoku, Kelechi L; Ude, Eme O; Jegede, Temitope O; Adeyanju, Omotoyosi Z; Iheme, Patricia O

doi:2022.37.2.e2022008

Environ Anal Health Toxicol > Volume 37:2022 > Article

Original Article

Published online April 11, 2022

Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology 2022;37(2):e2022008-0. doi: https://doi.org/10.5620/eaht.2022008

Characterization of hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms from Glycine max and Zea mays phytoremediated crude oil contaminated soil

Kelechi L Njoku¹

, Eme O Ude^1,2, Temitope O Jegede¹, Omotoyosi Z Adeyanju¹, Patricia O Iheme¹

¹Environmental Biology Research Unit, Cell Biology and Genetics Department, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
²Helmholtz Zentrum UFZ, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Leipzig, Germany

Corresponding Author: Kelechi L Njoku ,Email: knjoku@unilag.edu.ng

Received: February 16, 2022; Accepted: March 31, 2022.

ABSTRACT

Microbe-plant partnership in phytoremediation involves a synergistic interaction that leads to degradation of contaminants. The identification and characterization of these microorganisms is fundamental in environmental management. This study is aimed at investigating the influence of Glycine max and Zea mays on microbial make-up and differentiation of soil bacterial and fungal isolates in crude oil contaminated soil. We employed conventional technique of microbial isolation and gene sequencing to evaluate the microbial composition in crude oil contaminated soil. The microorganisms were isolated from crude oil contaminated soil (0%, 4%, 8%) and were identified using 16S rRNA gene (for bacteria) and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) gene (for fungi). We observed a change in the microbial cell density with respect to treatment conditions implying a shift in microbial dynamics to total hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria as the dominant microbes. The sequence data revealed five bacteria strain; Klebsiella aerogenes strain 77, Klebsiella aerogenes strain UISO178, Salmonella enterica strain ABUH7, Klebsiella aerogenes strain M242 and Enterobacter sp. NCCP-607 and three fungi strains; Galactomyces geotrichum strain CBS, Aspergillus niger strain YMCHA73 and Trichoderma virens isolate A701. Annotation analysis using FGENESB and gene scan revealed proteins involved in various metabolic processes and hydrocarbon utilization. GHOSTKOLA output revealed several genetic elements and pathways such as DnaA, PYG, mrcA, environmental, cellular and genetic information processing and degradation enhancers. Our findings show that G. max and Z. mays in association with bacteria can enhance ecosystem restoration of crude oil contaminated soil.

Keywords: Microorganisms, Molecular characterisation, Glycine max, Phytoremediation, Rhizosphere, Zea mays